9 Furthermore, an enhanced molding reflection of electromagnetic waves by magnetic surface plasmons was observed, 10 while one-way waveguides were designed using gyromagnetic materials 11 and unidirectional absorption was achieved in a magnetic metamaterial using an array of ferrite rods. The construction of negative-index materials based on ferrites was achieved, 8 demonstrating the tunability of the effective index, which can be explained by an effective-medium theoretical approach developed for anisotropic magnetic metamaterials. 4 In particular, electromagnetic metamaterials with tunable magnetic permeability, 5 refractive index 6 or lensing properties 7 have been already successfully fabricated. The ever growing interest in developing artificial materials with new and customized properties led to the development of metamaterials with specific optical, 1 electromagnetic, 2 thermal 3 or mechanical properties. It would be interesting to combine the main properties from these two physical systems into a novel class of bulk metamaterials that would have a nano-scale structure able to produce intense magnetic fields when electrical bias is applied. producing a macroscopic magnetic field, they exploit different physical phenomena: the alignment of microscopic magnetic domains versus the flow of current through a solenoid. Although these two classes of systems are quite similar in their scope, i.e. Just as important are electro-magnets, which are able to produce a tunable, but inherently non-permanent magnetic field. 1 Introduction Permanent magnetic materials represent an important component of current technology and are also found in a large number of engineering and research branches. Our results show that the magnetic field produced by HG structures is not only tunable but may also surpass the typical values obtained in rare-earth magnets. Systems based solely on carbon or hybrid carbon–boron nitride are analyzed comparatively, assessing their stability and potential in generating strong magnetic fields. The system behaves as a collection of individual, closely packed nano-solenoids, which generate magnetic field when a current flows through them. The nanometer-sized helical structures that make up such a material are formed by introducing periodic SDs in graphite or it's associated boron nitride hybrids. We propose a novel class of bulk metamaterials, termed helical graphite (HG), which is able to produce intense magnetic fields under an external electrical bias.

Meta materials and tesla